The Strait of Hormuz is emerging as a strategic chokepoint

for sulphur supplies essential to critical mineral processing. China

lithium refining disruptions in this maritime corridor could expose

vulnerabilities in China’s industrial supply chains, highlighting the growing

link between resource security and geopolitics.

As great-power competition reshapes the Indo-Pacific, India and Southeast Asia are finding greater strategic convergence in security, trade, connectivity, and maritime cooperation. India–Southeast Asia relations strengthening these partnerships can enhance regional stability, economic resilience, and a rules-based regional order.

Sustainable maritime fuels are transforming the shipping industry by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and supporting global decarbonisation goals. Sustainable maritime fuels innovations in biofuels, green hydrogen, ammonia, and methanol are driving cleaner maritime transport while enhancing energy security and environmental sustainability.

India–China border conflicts continue to shape the strategic landscape of Asia, influencing military preparedness, diplomacy, and regional security. India–China border conflicts from historical disputes to recent standoffs along the Line of Actual Control, these tensions remain a critical factor in bilateral relations and geopolitical stability.

This discussion, based on a policy brief published under the South African G20 presidency in 2025 which proposed a five-pillar framework for strengthening care economies, will explore how developing countries can work together to create sustainable, equitable care systems.

A National Security Strategy provides a comprehensive framework for safeguarding a country's sovereignty, economic interests, and citizens. National Security Strategy. It helps align defence, diplomacy, technology, and internal security priorities to address evolving regional and global challenges.

The South-Western Indian Ocean holds strategic importance for global trade, maritime security, and regional connectivity. South-Western Indian Ocean. The region is vital for shipping routes, blue economy opportunities, and cooperation among coastal nations to address security and environmental challenges.

The NIST AI Risk Management Framework provides guidelines

for developing trustworthy and responsible artificial intelligence systems. NIST

AI Risk Management Framework. It helps organizations identify, assess, and

manage AI-related risks while promoting transparency, security, fairness, and

accountability.

Minerals Overseas

India’s critical minerals strategy focuses on securing essential resources needed for clean energy, electronics, and advanced technologies. India critical minerals strategy. Strengthening supply chains, boosting domestic exploration, and building strategic partnerships are vital for economic growth and long-term resource security.

Towards a BRICS Urban Audit Compact explores how BRICS nations can strengthen urban governance through outcome-based audits, better accountability, and city-to-city

collaboration to improve public services, sustainability, and citizens’ quality

of life. Comptroller and Auditor General of India

Digital transformation in Africa is reshaping industries through innovation,

technology adoption, digital infrastructure, fintech growth, e-governance, and

smart business solutions. Discover how African nations are accelerating

economic growth and improving connectivity in the digital era.